Effects of calcium alkaline ionized water on formation and
maintenance of osseous tissues (osteoporosis)
Rei Takahashi, Zhenhua Zhang, Yoshinori Itokawa
Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Dept. of Pathology
and Tumor Biology, Fukui Prefectural University, Japan.
"Effects of calcium alkaline ionized water on formation
and maintenance of osseous tissues in rats were examined. In
the absence of calcium in the diet, no apparent calcification
was observed with only osteoid formation being prominent.
Striking
differences were found among groups that were given diets
with 30% and 60% calcium.
Rats raised by calcium ionized water
showed
the least osteogenetic disturbance.
Tibiae and humeri are
more susceptible to calcium deficiency than femora. Theses
results
may indicate that calcium in drinking water effectively
supplements osteogenesis in case of dietary calcium deficiency.
The mechanism
involved in osteoid formation such as absorption rate
of calcium from the intestine and effects of calcium alkaline
ionized
drinking water on maintaining bone structure in the process
of aging or under the condition of calcium deficiency
is
investigated.
Osteoporosis that has lately drawn public
attention is defined as "conditions of bone brittleness
caused by reduction in the amount of bone frames and deterioration
of osseous microstructure." Abnormal
calcium metabolism has been considered to be one of
the factors to contribute to this problem, which in turn
is caused
by insufficient
calcium take-in, reduction in enteral absorption rate
of calcium and increase in the amount of calcium in urinal
discharge.
Under normal conditions, bones absorb old bones by
regular metabolism through osteoid formation to maintain
their
strength and function as supporting structure. It is getting
clear that
remodeling of bones at the tissue level goes through
the process of activation, resorption, reversal, matrix synthesis
and mineralization.
Another important function of bones is storing minerals
especially by coordinating with intestines and kidneys to
control calcium
concentration in the blood. When something happens
to this osteo metabolism, it results in abnormal morphological
changes.
Our analyses have been focusing mostly on the changes
in the amount of bones to examine effects of calcium alkaline
ionized
water on the reaction system of osteo metabolism and
its efficiency. Ibis time, however, we studied it further
from
the standpoint
of histology. In other words, we conducted comparative
studies on morphological and kinetic changes of osteogenesis
by testing
alkaline ionized water, tap water and solution of lactate
on rats.
Three week old male Wistar rats were divided into
12 groups by conditions of feed and drinking water. Feeds
were prepared
with 0%, 30%, 60% and 100% of normal amount of calcium
and were given freely. Three types of drinking water,
tap water
(city water, about 6ppm of Ca), calcium lactate solution
(Ca=40ppm) and alkaline ionized water (Ca =40ppm,
pH=9, produced by an
electrolyzer NDX 4 LMC by Omco OMC Co., Ltd.) were
also given keely. Rats' weight, amount of drinking water
and
feed as
well as the content of Ca in drinking water were
assayed every day.
On the 19th and 25th days of testing, tetracycline
hydrochloride was added to the feed for 48 hours so as
to bring its
concentration to 30mg/kg. On the 30th day, blood
samples were taken under
Nembutal anesthesia, and tibiae, humeri and femora
were taken out to make non decalcified samples. Their conditions
of
osteoid formation and rotation were observed using
Villanueva
bone
stain and Villanueva goldner stain.
Three groups that
were given different types of drinking water and the same
amount of Ca in the feed were
compared to find
out no significant difference in the rate of weight
gain and intakes of feed and drinking water. Alkaline
ionized
water
group had significantly greater amount of tibiae
and humeri with higher concentration of calcium
in the
bones.
The group of 0% calcium in the feed saw drastic
increase in the amount of osteoid. There was
not much difference
by types
of drinking water. Almost no tetracycline was
taken into tibiae and humeri, although a small amount
was identified
in ferora.
As a result, osteogenesis went as far as osteoid
formation, but it was likely that decalcification
has not happened
yet, or most of newly formed bones were absorbed.
As
to the groups of 30% and 60% calcium in the feed, increase
in the area of tetracycline take
in was
more identifiable
with higher clarity in descending order of
alkaline ionized water,
calcium lactate solution and tap water groups.
Especially in case of tap water group, irregularity
among the
areas of tetracycline
take in was distinctive. The group of 100%
calcium in the feed saw some improvements in osteogenesis
in descending
order of
alkaline ionized water, calcium lactate solution
and tap
water. In any case, bone formation seemed to
be in good condition at near normal level.
Alkaline
ionized water was regarded to be effective for improvements
of osteogenesis under the
conditions of
insufficient calcium
in the feed. Also, the extent. of dysosteogenesis
differed by the region. That is, tibiae and
humeri tend to have
more significant dysosteogenesis than femora.
In
addition, there is a possibility that osteo metabolism
varies depending on enteral
absorption
rate of calcium,
adjustment of discharge from kidneys and
functional adjustment of accessory
thyroid in the presence of alkaline ionized
water.
We are now
studying its impact on calcium concentration
in the blood. We are also examining whether
it is
possible
to deter
bone deterioration by testing on fast
aging mouse models.
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